2024 Democratic Party presidential primaries
 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Opinion polls | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
  Joe Biden No pledged delegates awarded Primary canceled | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
 2024 U.S. presidential election | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Democratic Party | |
| Republican Party | |
| Third parties | |
| Related races | |
| |
Presidential primaries and caucuses are being organized by the Democratic Party to select the delegates to the 2024 Democratic National Convention, to determine the party's nominee for president in the 2024 United States presidential election. The elections will take place in all 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, five U.S. territories, and Democrats Abroad, and will be held between January and June that year.[4] Incumbent President Joe Biden is running for re-election with Vice President Kamala Harris as his running mate.[5] Biden maintains a significant lead in polls,[6] and no incumbent president has lost nomination since 1884.[7][8]
While Biden had repeatedly expressed his intent to run for re-election since 2021, there was speculation in the first two years of his presidency that he might not seek re-election due to his age and low approval ratings.[9][10] Former Democratic House representatives including Carolyn Maloney,[11] Joe Cunningham[12] and Tim Ryan[13] had publicly said Biden should not run. There had been speculation that Biden may face a primary challenge, especially from a member of the Democratic Party's progressive faction.[14][15]
Eventually, three primary opponents emerged; Marianne Williamson declared her candidacy in March 2023,[16], followed by anti-vaccine activist, environmental attorney, and conspiracy theory promoter Robert F. Kennedy Jr.[17] in April[18] and Representative Dean Phillips in October.[19] Kennedy withdrew from the Democratic primaries in October 2023 to run as an independent candidate.[20] Williamson suspended her campaign following the Nevada primary in February 2024.[21]
After Democrats outperformed expectations in the 2022 midterm elections, many believed the chances that Biden would run for and win his party's nomination had increased.[22] On April 25, 2023, Biden announced via a video that he would be running for re-election.[23]
Results[edit]
Candidates[edit]
As of February 2024, more than 180 candidates have filed with the Federal Election Commission (FEC) to run for the Democratic presidential nomination in 2024.[24] In previous cycles, the majority of these candidates did not appear on any ballots, raise money, or otherwise attempt to formally run a campaign.[24][25]
Declared major candidates[edit]
| Name | Born | Experience | Home state | Campaign Announcement date |
States won | Delegates won | Total popular vote | Running mate | Ref | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
.jpg) Joe Biden |
November 20, 1942 (age 81) Scranton, Pennsylvania |
President of the United States (2021–present) Vice President of the United States (2009–2017) U.S. Senator from Delaware (1973–2009) |
 |
 Campaign |
3 (NV, NH[b], SC) |
91 (100.0%) |
325,351 (83.5%) | Kamala Harris[27] | [28] | |
.jpg) Dean Phillips |
January 20, 1969 (age 55) Saint Paul, Minnesota |
U.S. Representative from MN-03 (2019–present) CEO of Phillips Distilling Company (2000–2012) |
 |
 Campaign |
None | 0 (0.0%) |
26,624 (6.8%) | None | [30] | |
Withdrew during the primaries[edit]
| Name | Born | Experience | Home state | Campaign announced |
Campaign suspended |
Campaign | Bound delegates |
Popular vote |
Ref. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
_(cropped).jpg) Marianne Williamson |
July 8, 1952 (age 71) Houston, Texas |
Author Founder of Project Angel Food Candidate for President in 2020 |
 California
|
March 4, 2023 | February 7, 2024 |  Campaign FEC filing[31] Website |
0 (0.0%) |
11,849 (3.0%) | [16][32] | |
Withdrew before the primaries[edit]
| Name | Born | Experience | Home state | Campaign announced |
Campaign suspended |
Campaign | Total popular vote | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Robert F. Kennedy Jr. |
January 17, 1954 (age 69) Washington, D.C. |
Environmental lawyer Founder of Children's Health Defense Founder of Waterkeeper Alliance |
California
|
April 19, 2023 | October 9, 2023 (running as an independent) |
 Campaign FEC filing[33][34] Website |
439 (0.1%) | [35][36] |
Vice-presidential candidate selection[edit]
.jpg)
On January 19, 2022, President Biden confirmed that Vice President Kamala Harris will again be his running mate in his 2024 re-election campaign.[37]
Some Democrats expressed skepticism about Biden choosing Harris again as his running mate, as she has also seen similar low approval ratings to Biden. In January 2023, U.S. Senator Elizabeth Warren said in a radio interview that she supported Biden's reelection bid, but stopped short of supporting Harris.[38] She later clarified her position, saying she supported the Biden–Harris ticket.[39]
Primaries and caucus calendar[edit]
The following primary and caucus dates have been scheduled by state statutes or state party decisions, but are subject to change pending legislation, state party delegate selection plans, or the decisions of state secretaries of state:[40]
- January 23: New Hampshire primary[c]
- February 3: South Carolina primary
- February 6: Nevada primary
- February 27: Michigan primary
- March 5: Super Tuesday (Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Iowa mail-in vote, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont and Virginia primaries and American Samoa Caucuses)
- March 12: Democrats Abroad, Georgia, Mississippi, Northern Mariana Islands and Washington primaries
- March 19: Arizona, Illinois, Kansas and Ohio primaries
- March 23: Louisiana and Missouri primaries
- April 2: Connecticut, New York, Rhode Island, and Wisconsin primaries
- April 6: Alaska and Hawaii primaries and North Dakota caucuses
- April 13: Wyoming county caucuses
- April 23: Pennsylvania primary
- April 28: Puerto Rico primary
- May 7: Indiana primary
- May 14: Maryland, Nebraska and West Virginia primaries
- May 21: Kentucky and Oregon primaries
- May 23: Idaho county caucuses
- June 4: District of Columbia, Montana, New Jersey, New Mexico and South Dakota primaries
- June 8: Guam and United States Virgin Islands caucuses
Ballot access[edit]
The following is a table for which candidates have received ballot access in which states. 
indicates that the candidate was on the ballot for the primary contest, 
indicates that the candidate was a recognized write-in candidate, and 
indicates that the candidate did not appear on the ballot in that state's contest. 
indicates that a candidate withdrew before the election but was still listed on the ballot. If a state does not appear in the table, the filing deadline in the state has not passed.
Timeline[edit]
 | This section needs to be updated. (February 2024) |
Overview[edit]
| Active campaign | Exploratory committee | Democratic National Convention | |||
| Withdrawn candidate | Primaries |
Early developments[edit]
Biden declared his intent in January 2022 to run for re-election, keeping Kamala Harris as his running mate.[5] On September 15, he told Scott Pelley in a CBS 60 Minutes interview that he had not yet committed to run.[94] In a private conversation with civil-rights activist Al Sharpton on October 3, he reportedly told Sharpton that he was seeking re-election.[95] On October 11, he told Jake Tapper in an interview on CNN that he would decide whether or not to seek re-election after the 2022 midterm elections.[96]
Throughout 2022, several prominent Democrats publicly urged Biden not to run for a second term. On June 23, shortly after winning the Democratic nomination in the South Carolina gubernatorial race, former U.S. Representative Joe Cunningham told CNN that he believed Biden would be too old by the end of his second term and should not run in 2024. CNN pointed out that Biden had endorsed Cunningham in his 2018 and 2020 campaigns.[12] In July, U.S. Representative Dean Phillips of Minnesota said he believed that Democrats should nominate someone from a younger generation in 2024, and fellow Minnesota Representative Angie Craig agreed with him the following week.[13] On August 1, then-U.S. Representative Carolyn Maloney told The New York Times that she thought Biden should not run in 2024 and that she believed he would not run. She later apologized and said that he should run again, though she reiterated her belief that he would not.[11] In September, U.S. Representative and Ohio U.S. Senate nominee Tim Ryan similarly called for a "generational move" away from Biden during an interview with a local TV station; Forbes Magazine noted that Biden, who had endorsed Ryan, headlined a rally with him just hours after the interview aired.[13]
In April 2023, Christale Spain became the first black woman to be the Chair of the South Carolina Democratic Party; with the responsibility of organizing the party's first-in-the-nation primary.[97]
Format changes[edit]
Democrats in Idaho, who held caucuses in 2012 and 2016 but switched to a firehouse primary by mail for the 2020 election, will switch back to in-person caucuses due to the abolition of the presidential primary by the Idaho Legislature in 2023.[98] Similarly, the abolition of the state-run presidential primary in Missouri in 2022 caused Democrats in Missouri to switch to a closed, ranked-choice firehouse presidential primary for 2024.[99]
Controversies[edit]
Primary schedule[edit]
President Biden sent a letter on December 1, 2022, to the Democratic National Committee (DNC), requesting that diversity should be emphasized in the 2024 Democratic Party presidential primaries. On February 4, 2023, the DNC formally approved the new 2024 primary calendar, moving South Carolina to hold its race first on February 3, followed by Nevada and New Hampshire on February 6. One member of the Rules and Bylaws Committee who supported this new plan, Lee Saunders, further said it will give a better representation of the composition of the country.[100] Members of the Iowa Democratic Party and the New Hampshire Democratic Party opposed the move, since they would no longer be the first two states to hold their races.[101] The move was also criticized by some progressives, who argued that the move was intended to benefit more moderate candidates.[102][103] On October 6, the DNC and the Iowa Democratic Party reached a compromise in which the in-person caucuses could still be held in January, but delegate-determining mail-in voting would be held through Super Tuesday, March 5.[104] The DNC and the New Hampshire Democratic Party did not reach a compromise. In October 2023, the manager for the Biden campaign, Julie Chávez Rodriguez, confirmed in a letter to the chair of the New Hampshire Democratic Party Raymond Buckley that Biden would not appear on the primary ballot in order to comply with the DNC's calendar.[105] Pro-Biden New Hampshire Democrats, including Kathy Sullivan (the former chairwoman of the state Democratic party) and former Representatives Paul Hodes and Carol Shea-Porter, launched a formal write-in campaign on October 30.[106]
Ballot access denials[edit]
In Florida, North Carolina, and Tennessee, only President Biden will appear on the primary ballot, partially due to decisions by the state Democratic parties in those states.[107][108] The Philips and Williamson campaigns criticized the decisions as undemocratic.[109][110] The primary challengers had not received the necessary number of signatures in Tennessee[111][112] and North Carolina,[113] while the Florida Democratic Party stated that the challengers did not reach out to them until November 29, 2023, one day before the Florida Secretary of State's November 30 deadline to submit candidates, and the state party had already made its submission ahead of the deadline before November 29.[114][115] An attorney who supported Phillips[k] questioned why the state party did not contact the challengers when it made its submission ahead of the deadline.[117]
Debates and forums[edit]
On December 6, 2023, TYT Network hosted a forum featuring primary candidates Williamson, Phillips and Uygur. Biden was invited but declined to attend. The candidates responded to the GOP debate being held in Tuscaloosa, which was scheduled to end at the same time. The discussion was moderated by John Iadarola, the main host of The Damage Report on the same network.[118]
On January 8, 2024, Williamson and Phillips participated in a debate hosted by New England College in Manchester, New Hampshire.[119] To qualify, candidates needed to be registered on the New Hampshire primary ballot and poll at more than five percent.[120] The debate was broadcast on satellite radio by Sirius XM[121] and was moderated by Josh McElveen, who was the former political director of WMUR.[122]
On January 12, 2024, NewsNation hosted a second forum featuring Williamson, Phillips and Uygur. Biden was invited but did not attend. The discussion was moderated by Dan Abrams.[123]
Endorsements[edit]
Joe Biden
Dean Phillips
- State representatives
- Tom Schamberg, New Hampshire state representative from the 4th district, Merrimack (2012–2014, 2018–present)[124]
- Steve Shurtleff, New Hampshire state representative from the 11th district, Merrimack (2004–present) and former speaker of the New Hampshire House of Representatives (2018–2020)[125]
- Notable individuals
- Bill Ackman, Pershing Square Capital Management CEO[126]
- Jason Calacanis, angel investor and podcaster[127]
- Steve Schmidt, political and corporate strategist (campaign advisor)[128]
- Jeffrey P. Weaver, political strategist and former campaign manager for Bernie Sanders (campaign advisor)[129]
- Andrew Yang, entrepreneur, candidate for president of the United States in 2020, candidate for mayor of New York City in 2021, founder of the Forward Party (Forward)[130]
- Newspapers
- The Detroit News (co-endorsement with Nikki Haley)[131]
- New Hampshire Union Leader (co-endorsement with Nikki Haley)[132]
Marianne Williamson (withdrawn)
- State senators
- Kendra Anderson, former Rhode Island State Senator from the 31st district (2021–2023)[133][better source needed]
- Cynthia Mendes, former Rhode Island State Senator from the 18th district (2021–2023)[133][better source needed]
- State representatives
- Tony Labranche, former Democratic New Hampshire State Representative from the 22nd district, Hillsborough (2020–2022) (Independent)[124]
- Maria Perez, New Hampshire State Representative from the 43rd district, Hillsborough (2020–present), vice chair of the National Hispanic Caucus of State Legislators (Independent)[134]
- Robin Vogt, former New Hampshire State Representative from the 21st district, Rockingham (2022–2023)[135] (national volunteer coordinator)[136]
- Jonah Wheeler, New Hampshire State Representative from the 33rd district, Hillsborough (2022–present)[124]
- Local officials
- Maebe A. Girl, at-large Silver Lake Neighborhood Councilor (2019–present) and drag queen[137]
- Andrew Hosmer, mayor of Laconia, New Hampshire (2020–present) and former New Hampshire State Senator from the 7th district (2012–2016)[138]
- Notable individuals
- Kii Arens, pop-artist, graphic designer, and director[139]
- Krystal Ball, political commentator and media host; Democratic nominee for U.S. Representative from VA-01 in 2010[140]
- Jamie Lee Curtis, actress and producer[141]
Peter Daou, political activist, musician, and author.[142] (previously her campaign manager, then resigned and campaigned for Cornel West before resigning there; Independent)[143]- Keith David, actor[144]
- Jimmy Demers, singer[145]
- Steven Donziger, attorney[139]
- Frances Fisher, actress[146]
- Stanley Jordan, jazz guitarist[147]
- Harvey J. Kaye, historian and sociologist (campaign advisor)[148]
- Kyle Kulinski, political commentator and media host[140]
- Leah McSweeney, fashion designer and TV personality[149]
Uncommitted[l]
- U.S. Representatives
- Andy Levin, former U.S. Representative from MI-09 (2019–2023)[150]
- Beto O'Rourke, former U.S. Representative from TX-16 (2013–2019)[151]
- David Skaggs, former U.S. Representative from CO-02 (1987–1989)[152]
- Rashida Tlaib, U.S. Representative from MI-12 (2023−present), MI-13 (2019–2023)[153]
- State legislators
- Abraham Aiyash, Michigan State Representative from HD-04 (2020–present) and Majority Floor Leader (2023–present)[154]
- Erin Byrnes, State Representative from HD-15 (2023–present)[154]
- Alabas Farhat, Michigan State Representative from HD-03 (2023–present)[154]
- Nina Turner, Ohio Senator from SD-25 (2008–2014)[155]
- Andru Volinsky, former member of the Executive Council of New Hampshire from the 2nd district (2017–2021)[156]
- Karen Whitsett, Michigan State Representative from HD-04 (2018–present)[157]
- Dylan Wegela, Michigan State Representative from HD-26 (2023–present)[157]
- Mary D. Waters, at-large Detroit City councilmember (2022–present), and former Michigan State Representative from HD-04 (2001–2006)[158]
- Mayors
- Abdullah Hammoud, Mayor of Dearborn (2022–present) and former State Representative from HD-15 (2017–2021)[154]
- Notable individuals
- Nasser Beydoun, former executive director of the Arab American Chamber of Commerce and a Democratic candidate in the 2024 United States Senate election in Michigan.[159]
- Michael Moore, left wing activist and film producer[160]
- Newspapers
- Organizations
Opinion polling[edit]
| Source of poll aggregation | Dates administered | Dates updated | Joe Biden | Dean Phillips | Marianne Williamson (withdrawn) |
Other/undecided[m] | Margin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 270 to Win | January 25 – February 14, 2024 | February 18, 2024 | 74.2% | 5.6% | 8.0% | 12.2% | Biden +66.2 |
| FiveThirtyEight | through February 14, 2024 | February 18, 2024 | 75.1% | 6.9% | – | 18.0% | Biden +68.2 |
| Race to the WH | through January 29, 2024 | February 2, 2024 | 71.9% | – | 7.2% | 20.9% | Biden +64.7 |
| Real Clear Polling | December 26, 2023 – February 14, 2024 | February 18, 2024 | 72.7% | 4.7% | 7.0% | 15.6% | Biden +65.7 |
| Average | 73.5% | 5.7% | 7.4% | 13.4% | Biden +66.1 | ||
Campaign finance[edit]
This is an overview of the money used by each campaign as it is reported to the Federal Election Commission (FEC). Totals raised include individual contributions, loans from the candidate, and transfers from other campaign committees. Individual contributions are itemized (catalogued) by the FEC when the total value of contributions by an individual comes to more than $200. The last column, Cash On Hand, shows the remaining cash each campaign had available for its future spending as of December 31, 2023. Campaign finance reports for the first quarter of 2024 will become available on March 30, 2024.[166]
This table does not include contributions made to Super PACs or party committees supporting the candidate. Each value is rounded up to the nearest dollar.
Candidate who withdrew prior to December 31
Candidate who withdrew following December 31
| Candidate | Total raised | Total raised since last quarter |
Individual contributions | Debt | Spent | Spent since last quarter |
Cash on hand | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Unitemized | Pct | |||||||
| Biden[167] | $105,875,492 | $33,037,210 | $25,975,051 | $14,305,517 | 55.1% | $0 | $92,354,198 | $19,259,279 | $45,958,298[n] |
| Phillips[168] | $5,016,238 | $1,016,218 | $225,927 | 22.2% | $4,236,430 | $4,656,238 | $360,000 | ||
| Williamson[169] | $3,854,375 | $1,339,016 | $3,355,377 | $1,616,210 | 48.2% | $593,030 | $3,645,484 | $1,231,291 | $208,892 |
| Kennedy[170] | $22,115,682 | $7,037,153 | $22,080,359 | $7,034,122 | 31.9% | $0 | $16,676,899 | $7,770,412 | $5,438,782[o] |
See also[edit]
- 2024 United States presidential election
- 2024 Democratic National Convention
- 2024 Republican Party presidential primaries
- 2024 Republican National Convention
Notes[edit]
- ^ 2,337 of 4,672 delegates needed to win any subsequent ballots at a contested convention lasting more than a single round of balloting. As of February 2024, the number of extra unpledged delegates (superdelegates), who after the first ballot at a contested convention participate in any subsequently needed nominating ballots (together with the 3,934 pledged delegates), is expected to be 738, but the exact number of superdelegates is still subject to change due to possible deaths, resignations, accessions, or potential election as a pledged delegate.[1]
- ^ Primary not sanctioned by the DNC.
- ^ New Hampshire's delegates will not be awarded through this unofficial primary.[41] The early date violates the DNC-approved calendar, which confirmed South Carolina as the first primary state.[42]
- ^ Originally scheduled for March 19. The state party only nominated Joe Biden as a candidate, cancelling the primary.
- ^ Originally scheduled for April 2. The state party only nominated Joe Biden as a candidate, cancelling the primary.
- ^ This primary has not been officially sanctioned by the DNC.
- ^ Iowa is holding an all mail-in caucus due to DNC rules. Mail-in voting occurs from January 12 to March 5.
- ^ a b c d e f g Uygur is not eligible to be president under the natural-born citizen clause of the United States Constitution.
- ^ Voting runs Mar 5-Mar 12
- ^ Primary cancelled
- ^ The attorney, Michael Steinberg, represented himself independently in the interest of getting Phillips on the ballot; he was not appointed by Phillips.[116]
- ^ Includes endorsements for ceasefire in New Hampshire, and None of These Candidates in Nevada
- ^ Calculated by taking the difference of 100% and all other candidates combined.
- ^ Biden's principal campaign committee, Biden for President, was also used for his earlier 2020 presidential campaign. Some of these figures, therefore, include money left over from that previous candidacy.
- ^ Note that these figures include data following Kennedy's withdrawal from the Democratic primary.
- ^ "President" R. Boddie, Terrisa Bukovinac, Eban Cambridge, Gabriel Cornejo, Mark Stewart Greenstein, Tom Koos, Paul V. LaCava, Star Locke, Frankie Lozada, Stephen P. Lyons, Raymond Michael Moroz, Derek Nadeau, Jason Palmer, Mando Perez-Serrato, Donald Picard, Paperboy Love Prince, Richard Rist, Vermin Supreme, John Vail
Recognized write-in candidates: Nikki Haley (running as a Republican), Donald Trump (running as a Republican), Vivek Ramaswamy (ran as a Republican), Ron DeSantis (ran as a Republican), Chris Christie (ran as a Republican), Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (running as an Independent), CeaseFire (not a candidate), Bernie Sanders (not a candidate) - ^ Gabriel Cornejo, Superpayaseria Crystalroc, Brent Foutz, John Haywood, Stephen Alan Leon, Frankie Lozada, Stephen Lyons, Jason Palmer, Armando Perez-Serrato, Donald Picard, Mark R. Prascak
- ^ Jason Palmer
- ^ Frank Lozada, Stephen Lyons, Armando Perez-Serrato
- ^ "President" R. Boddie, Eban Cambridge, Gabriel Cornejo, Stephen P. Lyons, Armando "Mando" Perez-Serrato
Recognized write-in candidates: Willie Felix Carter, President Cristina Nicole Grappo, Richard Gutierrez, James Mark Merts, Reed Michaelsen, Wayne Anthony Pope Sr. - ^ Gabriel Cornejo, Frankie Lozada, Stephen P. Lyons, Jason Palmer, Armando "Mando" Perez-Serrato
- ^ Eban Cambridge, Gabriel Cornejo, Frankie Lozada, Jason Palmer, Armando "Mando" Perez-Serrato, Cenk Uygur[h]
- ^ Stephen Lyons, Armando "Mando" Perez-Serrato, Cenk Uygur[h]
- ^ Gabriel A. Cornejo, Edward Kimbrough, Robert Star Locke, Frankie Lozada, Armando "Mando" Perez-Serrato, Cenk Uygur[h]
- ^ Gabriel Cornejo, Frank Lozada
- ^ Mark Stewart Greenstein, Jason Palmer, Cenk Uygur[h]
- ^ Jason Palmer
- ^ Gabriel Cornejo, Frankie Lozada, Stephen Lyons, Jason Palmer
- ^ Frankie Lozada
- ^ Jason Palmer
- ^ "Bob" Ely, Frankie Lozada, Stephen Lyons, Armando "Mando" Perez-Serrato, Cenk Uygur[h]
- ^ Stephen Lyons, Armando "Mando" Perez-Serrato, Jason Palmer
- ^ Cenk Uygur[h]
- ^ Jason Palmer, Armando "Mando" Perez-Serrato
- ^ Eban Cambridge, Stephen P. Lyons, Jason Palmer, Armando “Mando” Perez-Serrato, Cenk Uygur[h]
- ^ Stephen P. Lyons, Jason Palmer, Armando “Mando” Perez-Serrato
References[edit]
- ^ "Democratic Convention 2024". The Green Papers.
- ^ a b "Election 2024 delegate tracker". Associated Press. Retrieved February 16, 2024.
- ^ a b Multiple sources:
- "Nationwide Popular Vote, excluding IA and NV". The Green Papers. Retrieved February 24, 2024.
- "New Hampshire Democratic Delegation 2024". The Green Papers. Retrieved February 24, 2024.
- "Nevada Primary Results". Nevada Secretary of State. Retrieved February 24, 2024.
- ^ Democratic National Committee Rules and Bylaws Committee (April 13, 2022). "Resolution on the Principles and Framework of a Transparent and Fair Review of the Presidential Nominating Calendar" (PDF). democrats.org. p. 4. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 18, 2022. Retrieved November 18, 2022.
- ^ a b Gittleson, Ben; Nagle, Molly (April 25, 2023). "Joe Biden announces he is running for president again, setting up possible Trump rematch". ABC News. Archived from the original on April 25, 2023. Retrieved April 25, 2023.
- ^ "Real Clear Politics". Archived from the original on July 1, 2023. Retrieved May 30, 2023.
- ^ Dorn, Andrew (June 27, 2023). "Has an incumbent president ever lost to a primary challenger?". NewsNation. Archived from the original on October 24, 2023. Retrieved July 7, 2023.
- ^ "Could Trump Lose the Republican Nomination? Here's the History of Primary Challenges to Incumbent Presidents". Time. October 10, 2019. Archived from the original on December 24, 2020. Retrieved July 7, 2023.
- ^ Gangitano, Alex (November 18, 2021). "Harris says 2024 is 'absolutely not' being discussed yet with Biden". The Hill. Archived from the original on November 19, 2021. Retrieved November 19, 2021.
- ^ Gittleson, Ben (December 22, 2021). "Biden tells ABC's David Muir 'yes' he'll run again, Trump rematch would 'increase the prospect'". ABC News. Archived from the original on January 30, 2022. Retrieved January 21, 2022.
- ^ a b "Rep. Carolyn Maloney says "off the record," Biden is "not running again"". CBS News. August 15, 2022. Archived from the original on August 28, 2022. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
- ^ a b Vakil, Caroline (June 23, 2022). "SC Democratic governor candidate says Biden shouldn't run in 2024 due to age". The Hill. Archived from the original on September 3, 2022. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
- ^ a b c Reimann, Nicholas. "Rep. Tim Ryan Suggests Biden Shouldn't Run In 2024—Joining These Other Democrats". Forbes. Archived from the original on December 22, 2022. Retrieved December 22, 2022.
- ^ Otterbein, Holly (January 1, 2022). "The left is already looking to 2024. Some want to see a Biden primary challenge". Politico. Archived from the original on January 7, 2022. Retrieved January 8, 2022.
- ^ Dorman, John L. (January 2, 2022). "Former Sanders presidential campaign manager says Biden will have 'a progressive challenger' in 2024". Business Insider. Archived from the original on January 4, 2022. Retrieved January 8, 2022.
- ^ a b Weissert, Will (March 4, 2023). "Marianne Williamson opens long shot 2024 challenge to Biden". San Diego Union-Tribune. Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 5, 2023. Retrieved March 4, 2023.
- ^ Multiple sources:
- Dorn, Sara (July 18, 2023). "RFK Jr.'s Family Denounces Claim That Jews, Chinese Are Immune To Covid: Here Are All The Other Conspiracies He Promotes". Forbes. Archived from the original on September 10, 2023. Retrieved September 10, 2023.
- "RFK Jr. is building a presidential campaign around conspiracy theories". NPR. July 13, 2023. Archived from the original on September 9, 2023. Retrieved September 10, 2023.
- Pengelly, Martin (December 18, 2021). "Guests urged to be vaccinated at anti-vaxxer Robert F Kennedy Jr's party". the Guardian. Archived from the original on December 18, 2021. Retrieved September 10, 2023.
- Cabral, Sam (July 17, 2023). "RFK Jr's conspiracy theories and Republican supporters". BBC News. Archived from the original on July 22, 2023. Retrieved September 10, 2023.
- Traister, Rebecca (June 30, 2023). "Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s Inside Job". Intelligencer. Archived from the original on September 13, 2023. Retrieved September 10, 2023.
- Collins, Eliza (June 22, 2023). "RFK Jr.'s White House Bid Is a Mix of Nostalgia and Conspiracy Theories". Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on January 18, 2024. Retrieved September 10, 2023.
- ^ "Robert F. Kennedy Jr. launches long shot presidential bid as a Democrat". ABC News. Archived from the original on October 23, 2023. Retrieved July 7, 2023.
- ^ Otterbein, Holly; Schneider, Elena (October 26, 2023). "Rep. Dean Phillips files paperwork for presidential bid against Biden". Politico. Archived from the original on October 27, 2023. Retrieved October 26, 2023.
- ^ Swenson, Ali (October 9, 2023). "Robert F. Kennedy Jr. will run for president as an independent and drop his Democratic primary bid". Associated Press. Archived from the original on December 14, 2023. Retrieved October 9, 2023.
- ^ Gibson, Brittany (February 7, 2024). "Marianne Williamson ends her 2024 presidential run". Politico. Retrieved February 8, 2024.
- ^ Enten, Harry (December 18, 2022). "How the midterms changed the 2024 primaries for Biden and Trump". CNN. Archived from the original on December 30, 2022. Retrieved December 25, 2022.
- ^ Doyle, Katherine; Alba, Monical (April 25, 2023). "Biden announces he is running for re-election, framing 2024 as a choice between 'more rights or fewer'". NBC News. Archived from the original on April 26, 2023. Retrieved July 7, 2023.
- ^ a b "Browse Candidates for president:Democratic Party". FEC.gov. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved July 6, 2023.
- ^ "Colorado Primary Results 2020 | Live Election Map". www.nbcnews.com. Retrieved July 7, 2023.
- ^ "Statement of Candidacy" (PDF). docquery.fec.gov. April 25, 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 25, 2023. Retrieved April 25, 2023.
- ^ Frazier, Kierra (September 13, 2023). "Columnists call for Biden to drop Harris, pick new running mate". POLITICO. Retrieved January 24, 2024.
- ^ Gittleson, Ben; Nagle, Molly (April 25, 2023). "Joe Biden announces he is running for president again, setting up possible Trump rematch". ABC News. Retrieved April 25, 2023.
- ^ "Statement of Candidacy". docquery.fec.gov. October 26, 2023. Retrieved October 26, 2023.
- ^ Lebowitz, Megan (October 26, 2023). "Democratic Rep. Dean Phillips launches a White House bid, challenging Biden". NBC News. Retrieved October 27, 2023.
- ^ "Statement of Candidacy" (PDF). docquery.fec.gov. March 2, 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 4, 2023. Retrieved March 4, 2023.
- ^ Gibson, Brittany (February 7, 2024). "Marianne Williamson ends her 2024 presidential run". Politico. Retrieved February 7, 2024.
- ^ "Statement of Candidacy" (PDF). docquery.fec.gov. April 5, 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 7, 2023. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
- ^ "Statement of Candidacy" (PDF). docquery.fec.gov. April 6, 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 25, 2023. Retrieved May 12, 2023.
- ^ Kelly Garrity (April 5, 2023). "Robert F. Kennedy Jr. running for president in 2024". Politico. Archived from the original on April 5, 2023. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
- ^ Gibson, Brittany; Zhang, Andrew (October 9, 2023). "RFK Jr. announces he will run as an independent candidate". Politico. Retrieved October 9, 2023.
- ^ Rafford, Claire (January 19, 2022). "Biden commits to Harris as his running mate for 2024". POLITICO. Archived from the original on January 27, 2022. Retrieved August 20, 2022.
- ^ Lannan, Katie (January 27, 2023). "Warren stops short of backing Harris for VP in 2024". WGBH Boston. Archived from the original on February 25, 2023. Retrieved February 25, 2023.
- ^ Lannan, Katie (January 29, 2023). "Warren clarifies she's all in with Biden-Harris ticket for 2024". WGBH Boston. Archived from the original on February 25, 2023. Retrieved February 25, 2023.
- ^ Kaufman, Anna (November 21, 2023). "When is the 2024 Democratic primary? A state-by-state guide to the election schedule". USA Today. Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved January 15, 2024.
- ^ Kashinsky, Lisa (January 6, 2024). "DNC blasts NH Dems over 'meaningless' primary". Politico. Archived from the original on January 6, 2024. Retrieved January 6, 2024.
- ^ Vakil, Caroline (February 4, 2023). "DNC approves adjusted early presidential primary schedule". The Hill. Archived from the original on February 5, 2023. Retrieved February 5, 2023.
- ^ "OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE - ELECTION DIVISION" (PDF). Retrieved December 3, 2023.
- ^ "New Hampshire Democrat". The Green Papers.
- ^ "Official List of Candidates for 2024 South Carolina Democratic Party Presidential Primary". South Carolina Democratic Party. Retrieved December 4, 2023.
- ^ "2024 Presidential Preference Primary Candidates". Retrieved December 3, 2023.
- ^ "2024 Michigan Candidate Listing". Michigan Secretary of State. December 20, 2023. Retrieved November 17, 2023.
- ^ "2024 Qualified Candidates | Alabama Democrats". aldemocrats.org. Retrieved November 22, 2023.
- ^ "Dems for Democracy – Newsletter #4".
- ^ "Seven candidates have filed to appear on Arkansas' Democratic presidential primary ballot – Ballotpedia News". November 16, 2023. Retrieved November 22, 2023.
- ^ "Arkansas rules online news personality Cenk Uygur won't qualify for Democratic presidential primary". AP News. December 5, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
- ^ "President" (PDF).
- ^ "President" (PDF).
- ^ "News Release". Colorado Secretary of State. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
- ^ "Iowa Democrats vote to put Biden, Phillips, Williamson on caucus preference cards". Des Moines Register. December 2, 2023. Retrieved December 11, 2023.
- ^ Andrews, Ethan (December 1, 2023). "Maine releases 2024 presidential primary candidates list". Bangor Daily News. Retrieved December 2, 2023.
- ^ Fortier, Marc. "Here's who will appear first on Massachusetts' presidential primary ballots". NBC Boston on MSN.com. Retrieved January 4, 2024.
- ^ Van Oot, Torey (January 2, 2024). "Here's who's running in Minnesota's presidential primaries". Axios Twin Cities on MSN.com. Retrieved January 3, 2024.
- ^ "North Carolina's 2024 presidential primary candidates approved". Carolina Journal -. December 26, 2023. Retrieved December 26, 2023.
- ^ World, Randy Krehbiel Tulsa (December 6, 2023). "Sixteen file for Oklahoma's presidential primary". Tulsa World. Retrieved December 7, 2023.
- ^ WCYB (December 12, 2023). "Tennessee presidential primary ballot finalized; Biden, Trump both on ballot". WZTV. Retrieved December 15, 2023.
- ^ "Candidate Information". Texas-election.com - Texas Secretary of State.
- ^ "2024 Candidate Filings – Utah Voter Information". vote.utah.gov. Retrieved December 5, 2023.
- ^ "Vermont announces candidates for 2024 presidential primaries". Vermont Digger. Retrieved December 18, 2023.
- ^ "March 5, 2024 Democratic Presidential Primary Election". Virginia Department of Elections. Retrieved December 23, 2023.
- ^ "Democratic Candidate Petitions". Democrats Abroad. Retrieved January 22, 2024.
- ^ "Democratic Party of Georgia Announces Names for 2024 Presidential Primary Ballot". Democratic Party of Georgia. November 22, 2023.
- ^ "2024 Candidate Qualifying List 1.15.2024" (PDF). Mississippi Secretary of State. January 15, 2024. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
- ^ "NMI Democratic Party presidential primary on March 5-12". Saipan Tribune. Retrieved January 30, 2024.
- ^ Brunner, Jim (January 9, 2024). "Trump, Haley, DeSantis and others will compete in WA's March 12 presidential primary". The Seattle Times. Retrieved January 9, 2024.
- ^ "2024 Presidential Preference Election Filed Candidates" (PDF). Arizona Secretary of State. Retrieved December 11, 2023.
- ^ "Candidate List, General Primary – 3/19/2024". Illinois State Board of Elections. Retrieved January 6, 2024.
- ^ "Kansas Secretary of State | Elections | Candidate Lists". www.sos.ks.gov. Retrieved January 20, 2024.
- ^ "Secretary Larose Announces Candidates Certified for the March 19 Primary". Ohio Secretary of State. January 9, 2024. Retrieved January 12, 2024.
- ^ "Candidate Inquiry". voterportal.sos.la.gov. Retrieved December 15, 2023.
- ^ "Missouri Democrats name presidential candidates on March primary ballot". Retrieved January 30, 2024.
- ^ Putterman, Alex (January 19, 2024). "Who is on CT's presidential primary ballot? Four Dems and four Republicans qualify". StamfordAdvocate. Retrieved January 20, 2024.
- ^ "Who filed?". Public Reporting - New York State Board of Elections.
- ^ "Candidates for President of the United States". Rhode Island Secretary of State - Voter Information Center. January 26, 2024. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
- ^ "Biden, Trump and others chosen for Wisconsin 2024 presidential primaries ballot". PBS Wisconsin. January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 30, 2024.
- ^ "Wisconsin top court says Dean Phillips to appear on state primary ballot". February 2, 2024. Retrieved February 2, 2024.
- ^ "Alaska Democratic Delegation 2024". The Green Papers.
- ^ "Hawaiʻi Democrats Announce Candidates for 2024 Presidential Primary Happening on March 6, 2024". January 29, 2024.
- ^ "North Dakotans may now request mail-in ballots for the Democratic Presidential Primary". North Dakota Dem-NPL Party. January 17, 2024.
- ^ "Election Information". Retrieved February 13, 2024.
- ^ "Press Release – Puerto Rico Democratic Party Presents Busy Agenda for Election Year" (PDF). Puerto Rico Dems. January 25, 2024. Retrieved February 7, 2024.
- ^ "Candidate List - Abbreviated" (PDF).
- ^ "2024 Candidate Listing". elections.maryland.gov.
- ^ "Candidate West Virginia Secretary of State". West Virginia SOS. Retrieved January 30, 2024.
- ^ "Candidate Filings with the Office of the Secretary of State". Kentucky SOS. Retrieved January 6, 2024.
- ^ "2024 Presidential Primary Election Candidate List - Department of Elections - State of Delaware". elections.delaware.gov. Retrieved February 8, 2024.
- ^ "Delegate Selection Plan for the 2024 Democratic National Convention" (PDF). Delaware Dems. Retrieved February 7, 2024.
Pursuant to Delaware State Law, if the Delaware Democratic Party submits the name of only one Presidential Candidate, and no other candidates file for the ballot, the state run presidential primary shall be cancelled.
- ^ Otterbein, Holly; Fineout, Gary (November 30, 2023). "Florida Democrats plan to cancel presidential primary, enraging Dean Phillips' campaign". Politico. Retrieved December 1, 2023.
- ^ "President Biden says he hasn't decided on 2024 reelection run". CBS News. September 18, 2022. Archived from the original on September 26, 2022. Retrieved September 20, 2022.
- ^ Allen, Jonathan (October 3, 2022). "Biden tells Al Sharpton he will run for president again in 2024". NBC News. Archived from the original on October 6, 2022. Retrieved October 5, 2022.
- ^ Habeshian, Sareen (October 12, 2022). "Biden says he'll decide on 2024 presidential run after the midterms". Axios. Archived from the original on October 23, 2022. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
- ^ Shapero, Julia (April 29, 2023). "South Carolina Democrats elect first Black woman to head state party". The Hill. Retrieved May 4, 2023.
- ^ Corbin, Clark (October 16, 2023). "Idaho will have a presidential caucus in 2024 — not a primary. Here's how they differ". Idaho Capital Sun. Archived from the original on November 16, 2023. Retrieved November 16, 2023.
- ^ Palermo, Gregg (August 31, 2023). "Missouri political parties scrambling due to primary election law change". Spectrum News. Archived from the original on November 16, 2023. Retrieved November 16, 2023.
- ^ Chambers, Francesca (February 4, 2023). "Democrats approve 2024 primary calendar that demotes Iowa, boosts South Carolina". USA Today. Archived from the original on February 5, 2023. Retrieved October 30, 2023.
- ^ Shepherd, Brittany (February 4, 2023). "Democrats approve new primary calendar for 2024". ABC News. Archived from the original on February 5, 2023. Retrieved October 30, 2023.
- ^ Knotts, Gibbs; Ragusa, Jordan (February 7, 2023). "Why the Democrats moved South Carolina to the front of the 2024 primary calendar | Analysis". Pennsylvania Capital Star. Archived from the original on December 12, 2023. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
- ^ Prokop, Andrew (December 2, 2022). "Joe Biden just threw the 2024 primary calendar into chaos". Vox. Archived from the original on December 12, 2023. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
- ^ "DNC's new calendar, will release caucus results on Super Tuesday". Iowa Public Radio. October 6, 2023. Archived from the original on October 20, 2023. Retrieved November 17, 2023.
- ^ Schneider, Elena (October 24, 2023). "Biden won't appear on New Hampshire primary ballot". Politico. Archived from the original on October 24, 2023. Retrieved October 24, 2023.
- ^ Kashinsky, Lisa (October 30, 2023). "Democrats launch write-in campaign for Biden in N.H." Politico. Archived from the original on October 30, 2023. Retrieved October 30, 2023.
- ^ Weigel, David (December 7, 2023). "Biden primary foe Phillips will challenge states where he missed ballot". Semafor. Archived from the original on December 12, 2023. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
- ^ Garrity, Kelly; Kashinsky, Lisa (December 20, 2023). "Williamson cries foul over ballot access in Massachusetts". Politico. Archived from the original on December 20, 2023. Retrieved December 21, 2023.
- ^ Chatelain, Ryan (December 8, 2023). "Dean Phillips might file challenges after being left off Florida, North Carolina ballots". New York 1. Archived from the original on December 12, 2023. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
- ^ Timotija, Filip (December 1, 2023). "Long-shot candidates blast Florida Democrats for absence on primary ballot". The Hill. Archived from the original on December 10, 2023. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
- ^ "Secretary of State Tre Hargett Certifies Presidential Candidates for 2024 Super Tuesday Ballot | Tennessee Secretary of State". Archived from the original on December 16, 2023.
- ^ WCYB (December 12, 2023). "Tennessee presidential primary ballot finalized; Biden, Trump both on ballot". WZTV. Archived from the original on December 15, 2023. Retrieved December 15, 2023.
- ^ "North Carolina's 2024 presidential primary candidates approved". Carolina Journal -. December 26, 2023. Archived from the original on January 18, 2024. Retrieved December 26, 2023.
- ^ "Dem presidential candidates left off the FL ballot are digging in; party is standing by the process". December 2, 2023. Archived from the original on December 9, 2023. Retrieved January 21, 2024.
- ^ "STEINBERG v. DEMOCRATIC PARTY OF FLORIDA, 4:23-cv-00518 - CourtListener.com". CourtListener. Archived from the original on January 23, 2024. Retrieved January 21, 2024.
- ^ Fineout, Gary (December 11, 2023). "Federal judge asked to place Dean Phillips on Florida primary ballot". POLITICO. Archived from the original on January 12, 2024. Retrieved January 21, 2024.
- ^ Perry, Mitch (December 8, 2023). "Decision to put only Biden's name on the FL ballot in March 2024 spawned a federal lawsuit". Archived from the original on January 13, 2024. Retrieved January 21, 2024.
- ^ Timotija, Filip (December 5, 2023). "Biden primary challengers to appear in televised event after GOP debate". The Hill. Archived from the original on December 6, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
- ^ Waddick, Karissa (January 9, 2024). "Democratic debate stage without Biden sparks 'Trump vibes' for some voters". USA Today. Archived from the original on January 10, 2024. Retrieved January 9, 2024.
- ^ Timotija, Filip (December 29, 2023). "Williamson, Phillips set to debate each other in New Hampshire". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 8, 2024. Retrieved January 8, 2024.
- ^ Koning, Joseph (January 9, 2024). "Biden's longshot Democratic challengers make their case at New Hampshire debate". NY1. Archived from the original on January 10, 2024. Retrieved January 9, 2024.
- ^ Menezes, Damita (January 8, 2024). "Dem candidates Marianne Williamson, Dean Phillips debate". NewsNation. Archived from the original on January 9, 2024. Retrieved January 9, 2024.
- ^ Wornell, Tyler (January 12, 2024). "Democratic candidates offer visions for US as Biden alternative". NewsNation. Archived from the original on January 13, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
- ^ a b c "District Level Delegate Caucus Results" (PDF). New Hampshire Democratic Party. January 6, 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 12, 2024. Retrieved January 18, 2024.
- ^ Graham, Steven (October 31, 2023). "Former Biden NH Co-Chair Backs Phillips in FITN Primary". NH Journal. Archived from the original on November 1, 2023. Retrieved November 1, 2023.
- ^ Chen, Shiyin (January 13, 2024). "Bill Ackman Backs Democrat Dean Phillips to Challenge Biden". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on January 14, 2024. Retrieved January 14, 2024.
- ^ "Dean Phillips floats a Cabinet post for Musk or Ackman". Politico. January 15, 2024. Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved January 16, 2024.
- ^ Stuart, Tessa (October 27, 2023). "The Man Who Brought You Sarah Palin Has a New Candidate: Dean Phillips". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on October 27, 2023. Retrieved October 27, 2023.
- ^ Thompson, Alex (January 17, 2024). "Why Bernie's ex-campaign boss is helping Dean Phillips challenge Biden". Axios. Archived from the original on January 19, 2024. Retrieved January 18, 2024.
- ^ Main, Alison; John, Arit (January 18, 2024). "Andrew Yang endorses Dean Phillips for president". CNN. Archived from the original on January 19, 2024. Retrieved January 18, 2024.
- ^ "The Detroit News". www.detroitnews.com. Retrieved February 9, 2024.
- ^ Fortinsky, Sarah (January 23, 2024). "New Hampshire newspaper backs Phillips ahead of primary". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 23, 2024. Retrieved January 23, 2024.
- ^ a b "New endorsements + Update from the road in NH!". Archive of Political Emails. July 5, 2023. Archived from the original on October 29, 2023. Retrieved October 28, 2023.
- ^ Gokee, Amanda (October 3, 2023). "Why Maria Perez was the latest N.H. lawmaker to leave the Democratic party". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on October 7, 2023. Retrieved October 4, 2023.
Perez endorsed longshot candidate Marianne Williamson because she wanted a challenger to have the opportunity to be on the ballot.
- ^ Alexander, Dan (December 2, 2023). "Portsmouth House Member Resigns over Move out of Ward". Seacoast Current. Archived from the original on December 2, 2023. Retrieved December 9, 2023.
- ^ "Welcome to Volunteer Group". Marianne Williamson 2024. Archived from the original on October 29, 2023. Retrieved October 29, 2023.
- ^ Garcia, Brandon (August 26, 2023). "Maebe A. Girl wants you to vote for her ideas, not her identity". WeHOville. Archived from the original on August 27, 2023. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
- ^ Schinella, Tony (January 22, 2024). "'What A Bunch Of Malarky': NH Biden Write-in Effort Hit With Fake Call". Patch.com. Archived from the original on January 22, 2024. Retrieved January 23, 2024.
- ^ a b Atomtabloid (April 8, 2023). "Marianne Williamson is speaking with Steven Donziger for Earth Day". The Bridgetown Museum and New Jersey Advocate. Archived from the original on April 29, 2023. Retrieved April 28, 2023.
- ^ a b King, Ryan (March 4, 2023). "Allies of Marianne Williamson lay out game plan to take down Biden". The Washington Examiner. Archived from the original on March 8, 2023. Retrieved March 8, 2023.
- ^ Lloyd, Sophie (August 23, 2023). "Jamie Lee Curtis' Mask Photo Sparks Uproar". Newsweek. Archived from the original on October 28, 2023. Retrieved October 27, 2023.
She recently announced her support for Democratic primary candidate Marianne Williamson on Instagram and has been championing the writers' and actors' strikes in Hollywood, led by the WGA and SAG-AFTRA.
- ^ Fung, Katherine (September 11, 2023). "Democrat Who Left Party Over Ignored Groping Claims Backs Cornel West". Newsweek. Archived from the original on September 11, 2023. Retrieved September 11, 2023.
- ^ Trudo, Hannah (October 27, 2023). "Cornel West's campaign manager says he's leaving job". The Hill. Archived from the original on October 27, 2023. Retrieved October 27, 2023.
- ^ Webber, Rod; Pespisa, Lauren (April 17, 2023). "Marianne Williamson, Cornel West and MSFB at "Dept of P.E.A.C.E" Awards". YouTube. Rod Webber's Dumpster Fire Emporium. Archived from the original on April 17, 2023. Retrieved April 17, 2023.
- ^ "JUST IN: Marianne Williamson Launches Campaign For President, First Democratic Challenger To Biden". YouTube. Forbes Breaking News. March 4, 2023. Archived from the original on March 4, 2023. Retrieved March 4, 2023.
- ^ Porter, Steven (August 18, 2023). "Marianne Williamson (and friends) touring N.H. this weekend". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on October 28, 2023. Retrieved October 28, 2023.
- ^ Myers, Martin (June 8, 2023). "#MusicExchange: Guitar virtuoso Stanley Jordan to perform at Cape Town Jazzathon, speak at #MEX23". BizCommunity Music Interview South Africa. Archived from the original on November 7, 2023. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
- ^ Kaye, Harvey (September 20, 2023). "Who Should Lead the Democratic Party in 2024?". Divided We Fall. Archived from the original on September 20, 2023. Retrieved September 20, 2023.
- ^ Marie, Ashley (April 28, 2023). "RHONY Leah McSweeney endorses Marianne Williamson for president". Starcasm. Archived from the original on April 29, 2023. Retrieved April 28, 2023.
- ^ Epstein, Reid J.; Green, Erica L. (February 9, 2024). "In Private Remarks to Arab Americans, Biden Aide Expresses Regrets on Gaza". New York Times. Retrieved February 10, 2024.
- ^ Roth, Andrew (February 24, 2024). "Beto O'Rourke supports uncommitted campaign in Michigan's Tuesday presidential primary". Michigan Advance. Retrieved February 24, 2024.
- ^ David Skaggs (February 21, 2024). "Skaggs: I'm voting "uncommitted" on Super Tuesday because Democrats deserve a choice". The Denver Post.
- ^ Yang, Maya (February 18, 2024). "Congresswoman Rashida Tlaib tells fellow Democrats: reject Biden in primary". The Guardian. Retrieved February 19, 2024.
- ^ a b c d Conley, Julia (February 7, 2024). "Dearborn Mayor Among Wave of Michigan Officials to Join 'Uncommitted' Campaign". Common Dreams. Retrieved February 7, 2024.
- ^ Hunter, George (February 25, 2024). "Pro-Palestinian advocates urge 'uncommitted' vote during Michigan presidential primary". The Detoroit News. Retrieved February 25, 2024.
- ^ Corbett, Jessica (January 18, 2024). "NH Voters to Pressure Biden With 'Cease-Fire' Write-In on Primary Ballots". Common Dreams. Retrieved February 24, 2024.
- ^ a b Hendrickson, Clara (February 8, 2024). "Whitmer to Democrats ditching Biden in primary: 'There's a lot at stake". Detroit Free Press. Retrieved February 10, 2024.
- ^ LeBlanc, Beth (February 19, 2024). "Biden campaign official in Michigan: Israel-Hamas war not likely to end 'anytime soon'". The Detroit News. Retrieved February 23, 2024.
- ^ Roth, Andrew (February 16, 2024). "Biden faces challenge in Michigan primary: Uncommitted". Michigan Advance. Retrieved February 17, 2024.
- ^ Melber, Ari (February 22, 2024). "MAGA all in on Trump at CPAC: Michael Moore x Melber". MSNBC. Retrieved February 23, 2024.
- ^ "Metro Times endorses 'uncommitted' in 2024 presidential primary". Detroit Metro Times. February 15, 2024.
- ^ ANCA [@ANCA_DC] (February 6, 2024). "The Armenian National Committee of Michigan - @ANCofMI - calling on Armenian and allied voters to vote uncommitted on the 2/27 Michigan Democratic primary ballot - in a protest against @JoeBiden's complicity in Azerbaijan's genocide of Armenians" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ Burke, Melissa Nann (February 17, 2024). "Tlaib endorses protest vote against Biden in Michigan". The Detroit News. Retrieved February 18, 2024.
- ^ Epstein, Reid J. (February 14, 2024). "Liberal Group Joins Efforts Calling for Protest Vote Against Biden in Michigan". The New York Times. Retrieved February 16, 2024.
- ^ Ede, Donny (February 24, 2024). "Listen to Michigan rallies for uncommitted votes in protest of Biden's Gaza stance". WWMT. Retrieved February 24, 2024.
- ^ "2023 Quarterly reports". FEC.gov. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved July 7, 2023.
- ^ "Report of Receipts and Disbursements – Biden for President". FEC. Retrieved February 1, 2024.
- ^ "Report of Receipts and Disbursements – Dean Phillips for President". FEC. Retrieved February 1, 2024.
- ^ "Report of Receipts and Disbursements – Marianne Williamson for President". FEC. Retrieved February 1, 2024.
- ^ "Report of Receipts and Disbursements – Team Kennedy". FEC. Retrieved February 1, 2024.
External links[edit]
- Democratic National Committee 2024 Primary Schedule Vote on C-Span
- President Joe Biden and Vice President Kamala Harris speak at Democratic National Committee Winter Meeting on C-Span